National Operational Guidance and Support
Translating these national systems, frameworks and plans into approaches that have relevance and utility to local and state governments, nongovernmental organizations, and the private sector is the purpose of two comprehensive preparedness guides published by FEMA and the Department of Homeland Security.
The Comprehensive Preparedness Guide (CPG) 101 (Version 2.0), Developing and Maintaining Emergency Operations Plans (FEMA, 2010) makes very clear the importance of planning in the context of resilience:
"The elected and appointed officials in each jurisdiction are responsible for ensuring that necessary and appropriate actions are taken to protect people and property from any threat or hazard. When threatened by a hazard, citizens expect elected or appointed leaders to take immediate action to help them resolve the problem. Citizens expect the government to marshal its resources, channel the efforts of the whole community – including voluntary organizations and the private sector – and if necessary, solicit assistance from outside the jurisdiction.
Residents and all sectors of the community have a critical role and shared responsibility to take appropriate actions to protect themselves, their families and organizations, and their properties. Planning that includes the whole community builds a resilient community" (FEMA, 2010, p.1-1).
The guide continues by setting out principles for a planning process to develop an all-hazards plan for protecting lives, property, and the environment. These principles will be familiar to organizations that have been involved in community and regional development planning. They include being community-based, ensuring broad stakeholder participation, using analytical problem-solving to address complexity and uncertainty, considering all hazards and threats, building in flexibility to address different levels of threats, stating clearly mission and goals, learning lessons from past experience, building on existing plans and policies, identifying priorities and resources, ensuring leadership understanding and buy-in, and setting out roles and responsibilities for implementation.
The Comprehensive Preparedness Guide (CPG) 201 (Second Edition), Threat and Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment Guide (DHS, 2013b), provides communities with guidance on the preparation of a Threat and Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (THIRA). CPG 201 sets out a common and consistent approach to identifying and assessing risk, and estimating capability requirements.
Sources Cited:
DHS - U.S. Department of Homeland Security. (2013b). Threat and Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment Guide: Community Preparedness Guide (CPG) 201 Second Edition. Washington DC: DHS.
FEMA: Federal Emergency Management Agency. (2010). Developing and Maintaining Emergency Operations Plans: Comprehensive Preparedness Guide (CPG) 101 Version 2.0. Washington DC: FEMA.
Translating these national systems, frameworks and plans into approaches that have relevance and utility to local and state governments, nongovernmental organizations, and the private sector is the purpose of two comprehensive preparedness guides published by FEMA and the Department of Homeland Security.
The Comprehensive Preparedness Guide (CPG) 101 (Version 2.0), Developing and Maintaining Emergency Operations Plans (FEMA, 2010) makes very clear the importance of planning in the context of resilience:
"The elected and appointed officials in each jurisdiction are responsible for ensuring that necessary and appropriate actions are taken to protect people and property from any threat or hazard. When threatened by a hazard, citizens expect elected or appointed leaders to take immediate action to help them resolve the problem. Citizens expect the government to marshal its resources, channel the efforts of the whole community – including voluntary organizations and the private sector – and if necessary, solicit assistance from outside the jurisdiction.
Residents and all sectors of the community have a critical role and shared responsibility to take appropriate actions to protect themselves, their families and organizations, and their properties. Planning that includes the whole community builds a resilient community" (FEMA, 2010, p.1-1).
The guide continues by setting out principles for a planning process to develop an all-hazards plan for protecting lives, property, and the environment. These principles will be familiar to organizations that have been involved in community and regional development planning. They include being community-based, ensuring broad stakeholder participation, using analytical problem-solving to address complexity and uncertainty, considering all hazards and threats, building in flexibility to address different levels of threats, stating clearly mission and goals, learning lessons from past experience, building on existing plans and policies, identifying priorities and resources, ensuring leadership understanding and buy-in, and setting out roles and responsibilities for implementation.
The Comprehensive Preparedness Guide (CPG) 201 (Second Edition), Threat and Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment Guide (DHS, 2013b), provides communities with guidance on the preparation of a Threat and Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (THIRA). CPG 201 sets out a common and consistent approach to identifying and assessing risk, and estimating capability requirements.
Sources Cited:
DHS - U.S. Department of Homeland Security. (2013b). Threat and Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment Guide: Community Preparedness Guide (CPG) 201 Second Edition. Washington DC: DHS.
FEMA: Federal Emergency Management Agency. (2010). Developing and Maintaining Emergency Operations Plans: Comprehensive Preparedness Guide (CPG) 101 Version 2.0. Washington DC: FEMA.